Florist's daisy

Florist's daisy (Chrysanthemum x morifolium) is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the Asteraceae family. This species is a complex hybrid originating from various East Asian species and serves as one of the most commercially important ornamental crops in the global horticultural industry.

Native to East Asia, the plant has a long history of cultivation, spanning thousands of years. Its current range of cultivation is global, involving both open-field conditions in temperate climates and controlled greenhouse environments where sophisticated light-manipulation techniques are applied.

The plant features woody-based stems and a variable leaf structure. Its inflorescence is a capitulum, which can vary significantly in shape and size depending on the specific cultivar. Breeding programs have resulted in a massive diversity of flower types, including decorative, pompon, spider, and anemone forms.

Cultivation success relies on well-drained, fertile soil and adequate moisture levels. As a short-day plant, it requires specific light duration control to trigger flower bud initiation. Proper nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium balance is essential for strong stem growth and high-quality floral production.

The primary use of this crop is in the cut-flower industry and as a potted houseplant. The plant is susceptible to various pests and diseases, such as aphids, spider mites, powdery mildew, and botrytis blight. Integrated pest management (IPM) strategies are vital for maintaining crop health and productivity.

• Regular pinching to promote branching
• Monitoring light duration for flowering
• Soil pH management (6.0–6.5)
• Balanced irrigation practices