Sacha inchi

Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.), also referred to as the Inca peanut, is a perennial plant belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family. This climbing vine exhibits vigorous growth and is highly valued for the oil-rich seeds contained within its star-shaped capsules.

Originating from the tropical rainforests of the Amazon, the plant has a native range spanning Peru, Ecuador, and parts of Brazil. Currently, it is cultivated globally in tropical and subtropical regions, with significant production centers located across Southeast Asia due to favorable agro-climatic conditions.

The botanical structure of the vine includes simple, cordate leaves and distinct fruit capsules that contain between four to seven seeds. These seeds are recognized for their exceptional profile of polyunsaturated fatty acids, including high levels of alpha-linolenic acid, which classifies it as a superfood.

Successful cultivation requires a warm, humid climate with temperatures ranging from 20°C to 35°C. The soil should be fertile, well-draining, and slightly acidic. Agronomic management involves the installation of trellises, regular irrigation, and strategic pruning to maintain optimal canopy density for increased fruit production.

In terms of economic use, the oil extracted from sacha inchi is used in both the food industry and cosmetic products. While it is generally a robust crop, producers must monitor for common pests such as spider mites and aphids, as well as fungal pathogens that can affect the root system in poorly drained soil conditions.