Cleome leaf curl virus

Begomovirus cleomaurei is a viral pathogen belonging to the Begomovirus genus within the Geminiviridae family. The pathogen contains single-stranded circular DNA and primarily affects plants in the Capparaceae family. The disease is systemic in nature and can spread rapidly within crops when specific insect vectors are present.

The primary hosts for this virus are species within the Cleome genus. While the geographical range of this virus is currently restricted, it poses a significant threat to ornamental plantings and certain wild species in tropical and subtropical regions. Given the increase in international trade of plant materials, the risk of its introduction into new areas remains a critical concern for agricultural security.

Symptoms of the infection include severe leaf mosaic, distortion, and a characteristic curling of the leaf margins. Infected plants typically exhibit significant growth stunting, shortened internodes, and general physiological decline. In many instances, the flowering process is impaired or ceases altogether, drastically reducing the aesthetic and botanical value of the affected vegetation.

The transmission of Begomovirus cleomaurei is facilitated by the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), which transmits the virus during its feeding process on the plant tissue. The development of epidemics is favored by high ambient temperatures and the presence of reservoir weeds that sustain the virus during off-seasons. Rapid reproduction of the whitefly population significantly accelerates the spread of the disease throughout the field or greenhouse.

Control measures primarily rely on strict phytosanitary protocols and the management of the insect vector. It is highly recommended to eliminate host weeds, apply appropriate insecticides to suppress whitefly populations, and utilize insect-proof netting in greenhouses. Furthermore, the prompt removal and destruction of infected plants are essential to prevent them from acting as a continuous source of infection for healthy plants.

• Use of certified virus-free plant material
• Regular monitoring of whitefly populations
• Effective weed management and sanitation
• Targeted application of insecticides
• Spatial isolation of infected plant areas