Peanut yellow spot virus

Orthotospovirus arachiflavi is a significant viral pathogen within the Orthotospovirus genus, known to affect various legume crops, most notably peanuts. The virus disrupts plant physiological processes, causing systemic disease that can lead to substantial reductions in harvest yield and quality.

The host range of the virus includes not only peanut plants but also several other vegetable and ornamental species that serve as reservoirs. Understanding the specific host range is critical for integrated pest management and preventing the spread of the virus across diverse agricultural landscapes.

Symptoms often manifest as distinct yellow or chlorotic spots, ring patterns, and mosaic leaf markings. In severe cases, growers may observe severe wilting, stunted growth, and distorted plant architecture. These symptoms typically interfere with the plant’s ability to develop healthy pods and seeds.

The primary mode of transmission is through thrips, which act as biological vectors. Once a thrips specimen acquires the virus during its larval stage, it remains infectious throughout its life. Environmental conditions such as warm, dry weather can cause thrips populations to surge, leading to rapid transmission within a field.

Management strategies focus on reducing the vector population and eliminating weed hosts. Regular scouting for symptoms and early application of systemic insecticides against thrips are recommended. Furthermore, cultural practices such as using certified virus-free seeds and maintaining proper spacing help to mitigate the economic impact of the virus.