Artichoke mosaic virus

Artichoke mosaic virus, taxonomically identified as a member of the Sobemovirus genus (Sobemovirus artva), is a significant viral pathogen affecting horticultural crops. It causes systemic infections that negatively impact the metabolic efficiency and growth patterns of the host plant.

The primary host for this virus is the globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus). Given the perennial nature of the crop, the virus can persist within the crown and rootstock, acting as a perennial reservoir for infection that threatens subsequent harvests in the same field.

Symptoms are manifested through distinct mosaic patterns on the foliage, including chlorotic spots and streaks. Affected plants often exhibit significant stunting, leaf deformation, and a reduction in the number and quality of flower heads, which are the primary economic products of the plant.

The virus is primarily transmitted by insect vectors, such as aphids, which acquire the pathogen from infected tissues during feeding. Mechanical transmission is also a major concern, as the virus can be spread via farm machinery, pruning tools, and manual handling during harvesting or cultivation processes.

Prevention is the only reliable control method since there are no direct chemical treatments for viral infections in plants. Growers must focus on sourcing virus-free starting material, maintaining strict weed control to eliminate alternative hosts, managing aphid populations, and practicing rigorous tool sanitation to prevent the physical transfer of the virus between plants.