Green-striped grasshopper

Systematic position: The Green-striped grasshopper (Chortophaga viridifasciata) belongs to the order Orthoptera and the family Acrididae. This species is widely recognized for its polymorphic coloration and is a common inhabitant of grasslands, meadows, and agricultural fields throughout North America.

Biology and life cycle: This species has a unique life cycle strategy, as it overwinters in the nymphal stage. This biological adaptation allows adults to emerge early in the spring, often well before other grasshopper species. Following mating, females oviposit in the soil, and the resulting nymphs progress through several instars before reaching the adult stage.

Crops and damage patterns: As a generalist feeder, this grasshopper consumes a variety of plants, showing a preference for grasses and cereal crops. Both nymphs and adults feed on foliage, removing significant leaf tissue. This damage reduces the plant's ability to photosynthesize, which can stunt development and diminish overall harvest quality and quantity.

Economic significance: The economic impact of Chortophaga viridifasciata is most pronounced during the early growing season. Because they emerge early, their feeding pressure often hits young crops at their most vulnerable stage. During outbreak years, high density populations can cause widespread defoliation, leading to significant economic losses for producers.

Control measures: Managing Green-striped grasshopper populations requires an integrated approach to maintain crop health:

• Cultural practices like early season disking or tillage to disrupt egg-laying sites and kill developing nymphs.
• Vegetation management along field borders to reduce host plant availability.
• Scouting fields regularly in early spring to detect nymph activity before they migrate to sensitive crops.
• Application of approved insecticides if populations exceed economic thresholds, preferably when nymphs are in the early developmental stages.