Saddle-backed leafhopper

The Saddle-backed leafhopper (Colladonus clitellarius) is a member of the Cicadellidae family within the order Hemiptera. It is characterized by a distinctive saddle-shaped pattern on its back, which provides excellent camouflage against tree bark and foliage. These insects are highly mobile and use their powerful hind legs to jump rapidly when threatened, making them difficult to capture or identify without specific tools.

This species is a generalist feeder that impacts various woody plants. While it can be found in wild environments, it is of particular economic concern in orchards containing apple, pear, and stone fruit trees. Because they can feed on a wide variety of secondary hosts, including many ornamental shrubs and weeds, they are persistent residents in many horticultural settings.

The life cycle of C. clitellarius typically involves overwintering as eggs inserted into the bark or young stems of host plants. Once the spring temperatures rise, nymphs emerge and begin feeding on plant sap. They undergo several molting stages, growing in size until they reach the adult stage. The duration of these stages can vary based on local humidity and temperature, often leading to overlapping generations throughout the growing season.

Feeding damage is characterized by stippling, chlorosis, and the general yellowing of leaves. Heavy infestations often lead to leaf curling and stunted shoot growth, which weakens the plant. More critically, the Saddle-backed leafhopper is a known vector for various plant pathogens. By feeding on sap, the insect can transmit viruses and phytoplasmas, which are responsible for more severe and lasting damage than the direct mechanical injury.

Managing the population requires a multi-faceted approach. Monitoring with yellow sticky traps is essential to determine the timing of insecticide applications, which should be targeted at the nymphal stages. Cultural controls include:

• Pruning and removing infested branches
• Controlling weeds that serve as alternate hosts
• Promoting biodiversity to encourage natural predators
• Applying horticultural oils or systemic insecticides when necessary