Mullein shark

The Mullein shark (Cucullia verbasci) is a moth belonging to the family Noctuidae. While often appreciated by enthusiasts for its unique appearance, in a horticultural context, it is considered a specialized pest that feeds on specific members of the Scrophulariaceae family.

The primary host plants for the larvae include various species of mullein (Verbascum), figwort (Scrophularia), and the popular garden shrub Buddleja. The larvae are notorious for their voracious appetite during the mid-summer months when they reach their final growth stages.

The life cycle is univoltine, meaning there is only one generation per year. Adult moths emerge in spring, laying eggs on the undersides of leaves. The larvae hatch and grow rapidly, displaying distinctive patterns that help them blend in with the flowers and foliage of their host plants.

The damage caused by the larvae is primarily defoliation. As they feed, they consume large portions of the leaf blades, often leaving only the main veins. If the infestation is severe, the affected plants can be stripped of their foliage, leading to weakened growth and diminished floral displays.

Control strategies for the Mullein shark focus on monitoring and early intervention. Since the larvae are often easily visible, hand-picking is the most effective method for small gardens. For larger infestations or nursery settings, targeted insecticidal treatments are recommended during the early larval stages.

• Manual removal of caterpillars from foliage.
• Regular inspections of Buddleja and Verbascum during late spring and summer.
• Application of biological insecticides containing Bacillus thuringiensis.
• Use of contact insecticides if natural methods fail to suppress the population.