Mango leafhopper

Systematic position. The mango leafhopper (Idioscopus nitidulus) belongs to the order Hemiptera and the family Cicadellidae. It is recognized as a major pest of tropical fruit plantations, specifically targeting mango trees across various growing regions in Asia and other tropical zones.

Host plants and economic impact. The primary host is the mango tree (Mangifera indica). The pest causes significant economic losses by attacking the inflorescences (panicles) and tender leaves. When infestation levels are high, the leafhoppers can destroy the entire reproductive potential of the tree by preventing successful pollination and fruit set.

Biology and life cycle. Idioscopus nitidulus completes its life cycle by laying eggs in the tissues of mango panicles or young foliage. The nymphs go through several instars, feeding alongside adults. The life cycle is rapid, especially during warm, humid conditions, which facilitate multiple generations throughout the mango flowering season.

Nature of damage. The damage caused is twofold: direct feeding on sap weakens the tree, while the excretion of honeydew promotes the growth of sooty mold (Capnodium spp.). This black fungus covers leaves and immature fruits, severely restricting photosynthesis and rendering the fruit visually unappealing and difficult to market.

• Maintain tree vigor through proper pruning to improve air circulation.
• Regular removal of affected inflorescences to reduce the pest population reservoir.
• Implementation of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) using biological control agents.
• Monitoring pest activity with yellow sticky traps to time insecticide applications effectively.
• Using systemic or contact insecticides during the early flowering stage when necessary.