Maple aphid

Periphyllus aceris, commonly referred to as the maple aphid, is a member of the Drepanosiphidae family within the order Hemiptera. This species is highly specialized, targeting trees of the genus Acer, and is frequently found in urban environments and forest ecosystems across Europe and other temperate regions.

The host range of this pest primarily includes various maple species such as Norway maple (Acer platanoides). The aphids colonize the foliage and soft shoots, where they feed on phloem sap. This feeding behavior drains essential nutrients from the plant, causing stress to the tree, especially during the early stages of the growing season.

The biological cycle of Periphyllus aceris is characterized by high adaptability. The pest overwinters as eggs deposited in bark crevices. During the summer, the population may undergo aestivation (a dormant phase) to survive periods of high heat, before resuming reproduction. This complex life strategy ensures high survival rates and persistent infestation cycles.

The damage caused by these aphids is twofold. Direct damage involves leaf curling, chlorosis, and premature senescence of the foliage. Indirectly, the aphids secrete honeydew, a sticky substance that promotes the growth of sooty mold, which blocks sunlight and interferes with the vital process of photosynthesis in the infested tree.

Integrated management is essential for controlling Periphyllus aceris. Control measures include dormant oil sprays applied in early spring to eliminate overwintering eggs, the application of systemic insecticides when colonies appear, and the promotion of natural predators such as lady beetles, lacewings, and parasitic wasps, which can significantly reduce aphid pressure.