Hunting billbug

The hunting billbug (Sphenophorus venatus) is a member of the Curculionidae family within the order Coleoptera. It is recognized as a significant pest of turfgrass in various regions, specifically adapted to exploit the structural tissues of graminaceous plants, leading to severe degradation of lawns and turf surfaces.

This insect primarily infests warm-season turfgrass species. It is commonly found causing damage to golf courses, athletic fields, and ornamental home lawns. The larvae display a strong preference for specific grasses, such as bermudagrass, where they can easily penetrate the stems to feed and complete their developmental stages.

The biological cycle of this pest involves egg-laying in the stem or crown area of the plant. Upon hatching, the legless, white-colored larvae tunnel downward through the stem towards the crown and roots. This internal feeding process is the primary cause of plant death, as it destroys the vascular integrity of the grass blades.

Damage symptoms often mimic drought stress, which frequently delays diagnosis until substantial turf loss has occurred. Affected areas show yellowing, then browning of the grass. A key diagnostic feature is the presence of fine, sawdust-like frass (excrement) at the base of the stems, and the ease with which damaged turf can be pulled away from the soil.

• Implementation of pheromone traps to monitor adult flight activity.
• Application of systemic insecticides specifically targeted against larval stages.
• Maintaining soil health through appropriate irrigation and nutrient management to aid recovery.
• Regular inspection for hollowed-out stems during the peak activity season.