Arabis mosaic

Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV) is a significant plant pathogen belonging to the Nepovirus genus. This virus is known for its wide host range, infecting a variety of agricultural and horticultural crops, often leading to severe systemic symptoms and reduced economic yield across diverse climatic zones.

The transmission of the virus is primarily mediated by soil-borne ectoparasitic nematodes of the genus Xiphinema. As these vectors feed on the root systems of infected host plants, they acquire the virus and transmit it to healthy individuals. Furthermore, the virus can spread through infected seeds, pollen, and vegetative propagation materials.

The host range is broad, affecting various fruits such as raspberries and strawberries, as well as ornamental plants and field crops, including industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa). In hemp, infection typically manifests as stunted growth and foliar discolorations, which can significantly impair the quality of the harvested fiber.

Symptoms of Arabis mosaic infection commonly include chlorotic patterns, mosaic-like mottling on leaves, leaf distortion, and stunted plant development. In severe cases, the infected plants exhibit reduced vigor, reduced flower production, and necrotic symptoms that can lead to overall crop failure if not managed correctly.

Effective management strategies focus on preventing the introduction and spread of the virus. Key practices include:

• Utilizing certified virus-free planting stock.
• Monitoring and controlling nematode populations in the soil.
• Implementing strict weed management to remove potential viral reservoirs.
• Applying rotation strategies that minimize the presence of susceptible host plants.
• Sanitizing agricultural tools to prevent mechanical transmission.