Lesser wax moth

The Lesser wax moth (Achroia grisella) belongs to the order Lepidoptera and the family Pyralidae. It is a well-known pest that primarily targets beehives, posing a significant threat to stored comb and weak bee colonies worldwide.

The moth specifically damages beeswax, honeycombs, and pollen stored in the hive. While it prefers to feed on the wax remnants, the larvae are opportunistic and will consume various organic materials, including larval casings and debris found at the bottom of the hive.

The lifecycle of the lesser wax moth consists of egg, larval, pupal, and adult stages. The larvae are the primary stage causing damage. Under warm conditions, the moths can complete their generation in a matter of weeks, leading to rapid infestations that can devastate stored comb inventory if left unchecked.

The larvae tunnel through the honeycomb, constructing silk-lined galleries that destroy the structural integrity of the wax. This activity leads to the degradation of the comb, making it unusable for the bees. In severe cases, the infestation causes the collapse of the hive's internal structure.

Effective control measures include maintaining strong, healthy bee colonies that are capable of policing the hive effectively. Beekeepers should practice good hive hygiene, regularly remove debris from the bottom board, and store empty supers in cool, ventilated areas or use biological control methods to prevent moth establishment.