Southern flying squirrel

Taxonomic classification: The flying squirrel (genus Glaucomys) is a member of the rodent order (Rodentia) and the squirrel family (Sciuridae). While often viewed as a native wildlife species, these squirrels can become agricultural pests when their natural habitat intersects with nurseries, orchards, or managed forestry plantations.

Host crops and damage: These rodents target various tree species, including both coniferous and deciduous varieties. In agricultural settings, they are known to feed on the buds, young twigs, and fruit of orchard trees. This feeding behavior can inhibit new growth and negatively impact the yield of fruit-bearing crops during the production season.

Biology and life cycle: Glaucomys species are nocturnal gliders, using patagium membranes to travel between trees. Their life cycle includes mating in late winter or early spring, with litters born in tree cavities. They are highly adaptable and may utilize human-made structures, such as bird boxes or shed attics, to shelter near food sources, increasing their impact on nearby vegetation.

Nature of damage and pest status: The primary harm occurs when squirrels gnaw on bark and consume buds during late winter or early spring. This destruction can lead to branch dieback and overall tree stress. Furthermore, by gnawing on young stems, they create entry points for fungal diseases and wood-boring insects, compounding the health issues of the affected trees.

Control measures: Management strategies focus on exclusion and habitat modification. Wrapping tree trunks with metal sheeting or baffles prevents squirrels from climbing to access buds. Ensuring that nearby trees are trimmed back from structures helps reduce nesting opportunities. If necessary, non-lethal deterrents such as ultrasonic sound devices can be used to protect specific, high-value crops from feeding pressure.