Stelidota

Stelidota is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Nitidulidae, commonly known as sap beetles. Among the species within this genus, Stelidota geminata is recognized as a significant agricultural pest, particularly in the production of soft fruits where it can cause substantial yield losses and degradation of product quality.

The primary crop affected by these beetles is the strawberry. The insects are attracted to fruit that is ripening, overripe, or physically damaged. While they prefer strawberries, they may also infest other small fruits or decaying plant matter present in the field, making them a recurring challenge for berry growers globally.

The life cycle of the Stelidota beetle is closely linked to soil moisture and the presence of organic debris. They typically hibernate in the soil or under plant litter during the winter. As temperatures rise in the spring, adults become active, mate, and deposit eggs near suitable food sources, such as fruits in contact with the ground.

The damage caused by Stelidota involves the beetles boring into the fruit to feed on the flesh, usually starting from the underside where the berry touches the soil. This creates characteristic holes and cavities, which quickly facilitate the development of secondary rots and molds. Because the beetles are nocturnal, they are often difficult to detect until significant damage has already occurred.

Control measures against Stelidota require an integrated approach:

• Strict sanitation by removing overripe fruits and decaying organic matter from the fields.
• Using mulching practices, such as straw or plastic film, to prevent direct fruit-to-soil contact.
• Maintaining well-drained soil and optimizing irrigation to reduce humidity levels favored by the beetles.
• Applying insecticides strictly during periods of peak adult activity, while ensuring compliance with pre-harvest intervals for safety.