Surface irrigation
A method of watering crops where water is applied directly to the soil surface and spreads across the field by gravity.
Также говорят: flood irrigation, furrow irrigation, gravity irrigation
Surface irrigation involves flooding specific sections, using furrows, or applying water in strips. It is a traditional and cost-effective approach for large-scale crop production, relying on the physical properties of the soil to absorb moisture.
Practical application depends heavily on field leveling to ensure uniform coverage. It is most effective when the soil infiltration rate matches the water supply speed, providing sufficient hydration to the root zone of cereals and row crops.
Common mistakes include using excessive water volumes, which causes soil erosion and runoff losses, or poor management of furrow length, resulting in uneven water distribution across the field.