Cercospora leaf spot of sugarcane

Cercospora leaf spot, caused by the fungus Cercospora longipes, is a major fungal disease affecting sugarcane crops worldwide. This pathogen is known for its ability to significantly impact photosynthetic efficiency, which directly translates to reduced sucrose content in the stalks.

The primary host for this fungus is sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum). While the disease primarily impacts leaf tissues, severe infestations can stunt overall growth and weaken the plant, making it more susceptible to secondary infections and environmental stress.

Symptoms typically begin as small, linear or elliptical spots that often develop a reddish-brown center surrounded by a yellowish halo. As the infection progresses, these spots coalesce, leading to extensive necrosis, which causes the foliage to wither and drop prematurely.

The development and spread of Cercospora longipes are strongly favored by warm, humid conditions. Conidia (spores) are easily disseminated by wind gusts and splashing rain, allowing the disease to spread rapidly through dense plantations during periods of frequent rainfall.

Effective management requires an integrated approach. The most critical strategy is the deployment of resistant or tolerant sugarcane cultivars. Additionally, sanitation practices, such as removing crop debris and ensuring adequate spacing between plants to improve airflow, are essential for reducing inoculum buildup.

• Selection of resistant sugarcane varieties
• Adequate row spacing to improve ventilation
• Sanitation and removal of crop residues
• Foliar fungicide applications if required