Asian anthracnose

The disease is caused by the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum asianum, an ascomycete fungus notorious for causing severe fruit rot in various plant species. It is recognized as a significant threat in tropical and subtropical agriculture, primarily affecting high-value fruit crops.

The host range of this pathogen includes mango, avocado, and various citrus varieties. The fungus attacks virtually every part of the plant, including leaves, flowers, twigs, and fruits, leading to extensive damage throughout the growth cycle.

Symptoms typically manifest as necrotic, sunken lesions on the fruit surface. These spots expand rapidly under humid conditions, often developing slimy or powdery masses of fungal spores.

• Dark, water-soaked lesions on fruits.
• Blight on flowers leading to fruit drop.
• Development of orange-pink spore masses in the center of lesions.

Environmental conditions play a critical role in the development of the disease. High humidity, consistent rainfall, and temperatures ranging between 22 and 28 degrees Celsius create an ideal environment for spore germination and colonization of host tissues.

Economic damage is substantial due to both yield losses in the orchard and post-harvest decay. Control measures focus on a combination of cultural practices, such as pruning to improve air circulation and removing infected debris, along with the timely application of fungicides during flowering and fruit development stages to prevent infection.