Strawberry anthracnose

Strawberry anthracnose, caused by the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum fragariae, is a severe disease impacting strawberry production worldwide. It is characterized by its ability to cause rapid decline of plants, impacting both leaves, stems, and the fruit quality significantly.

The disease primarily targets strawberry plants (genus Fragaria) and thrives in warm, humid climates. It is highly aggressive and can cause pre-harvest fruit rot and post-harvest decay, making it a critical concern for both commercial growers and small-scale gardeners.

Key symptoms include dark, sunken lesions on petioles, stolons, and fruit stalks, which often lead to wilting and collapse of the plant parts. On the fruit, lesions appear as round, soft, and depressed areas that eventually develop masses of orange or pink spores. Affected berries often mummify and remain attached to the plant.

The development of the fungus is accelerated by high temperatures (above 25°C) and frequent rainfall or overhead irrigation. Spores are dispersed through water splashes, contaminated tools, and infected nursery stock. Because the fungus can overwinter in soil and decaying plant debris, it can remain an active threat for subsequent seasons.

Managing the disease requires a multi-faceted approach. Essential practices include:

• Sourcing certified pathogen-free nursery plants.
• Ensuring proper spacing and ventilation in the field.
• Removing and destroying infected plant tissue immediately.
• Implementing a scheduled fungicide spray program during flowering and fruiting.
• Practicing strict sanitation of tools and equipment to prevent cross-contamination.