Colletotrichum lobatum

The fungus Colletotrichum lobatum is a recognized plant pathogen responsible for causing anthracnose in various legumes. As a hemibiotrophic organism, it initially colonizes host tissue without causing immediate cell death, later switching to a necrotrophic phase that destroys plant tissue.

The primary host plants for this pathogen are various species within the Lupinus genus. The disease affects seedlings, stems, petioles, and pods, causing significant physiological stress to the plant and disrupting normal growth patterns throughout the vegetative and reproductive stages.

Symptoms are identified by the development of dark, sunken lesions on the surface of stems and pods. In humid conditions, these lesions become covered with masses of spores, typically exhibiting a pinkish or cream-colored appearance, which allows the fungus to spread rapidly within a field.

The life cycle and transmission of Colletotrichum lobatum are highly dependent on environmental factors, particularly moisture and temperature. Splashing rain and wind act as the primary vectors for conidia dissemination. The fungus can persist in soil, crop debris, and infected seeds, providing a reservoir for infection in subsequent seasons.

Management strategies focus on an integrated approach to minimize crop losses. Key tactics include

• the use of certified disease-free seeds
• crop rotation practices
• deep plowing to bury infected stubble
• timely application of fungicides during high-humidity periods