Crepidotus autochthonus

Crepidotus autochthonus is a fungal species belonging to the Crepidotaceae family. While primarily known for its role as a saprotroph in forest ecosystems, it exhibits parasitic behavior when it colonizes weakened or stressed deciduous trees, contributing to the development of wood decay.

This fungus typically targets broad-leaved tree species such as alder, beech, birch, and hornbeam. The infection usually begins at sites of mechanical injury, frost cracks, or previous damage caused by wood-boring insects, where the fungus gains access to the nutrient-rich heartwood.

The primary clinical signs of infestation include the emergence of small, kidney-shaped or shell-like fruiting bodies on the trunk or bark. Inside the wood, the mycelium secretes enzymes that decompose lignin and cellulose, resulting in a white rot that significantly weakens the structural integrity of the affected tree.

Environmental conditions play a crucial role in the spread of the fungus. High humidity and mild temperatures are ideal for the development of the fungal colonies and the subsequent release of spores, which are effectively disseminated by air currents across forest and orchard areas.

Management and prevention strategies focus on maintaining tree vigor and reducing fungal pressure. It is essential to conduct regular orchard sanitation, remove decaying wood promptly, apply protective sealants to pruning wounds, and manage secondary insect infestations that create entry points for the fungal pathogens.