Pineapple fusariosis

The causative agent of this disease is the fungus Fusarium guttiforme, a destructive pathogen belonging to the genus Fusarium. It is recognized as one of the most serious threats to commercial pineapple production globally.

This pathogen specifically attacks pineapple plants (Ananas comosus). The fungus infects all plant organs, including roots, stems, and fruits, often causing systemic collapse of the plant vascular system and destroying the fruit quality.

Symptoms usually manifest as watery, dark lesions on the fruit surface, which eventually expand and turn into deep, necrotic rots. Affected fruits often show internal browning, tissue softening, and the development of white or pinkish fungal mycelium. Foliage may also exhibit yellowing, wilting, and stunted growth as the pathogen compromises nutrient uptake.

Environmental conditions characterized by high humidity, prolonged rainfall, and temperatures between 25°C and 30°C significantly favor the development and spread of Fusarium guttiforme. The fungus survives in infested soil and crop residues for extended periods, producing spores that are easily disseminated by wind, water splashes, and contaminated agricultural machinery.

The economic impact of this disease is severe, as Fusarium guttiforme can devastate entire plantations if left unmanaged. Losses include not only reduced fruit yield but also total post-harvest decay, making rigorous phytosanitary measures essential for long-term agricultural sustainability.

• Selection of certified disease-free planting material.
• Implementation of strict field sanitation and removal of infected debris.
• Use of fungicides for seed piece and soil treatment.
• Effective weed control to reduce reservoirs of inoculum.
• Improving soil drainage to minimize waterlogging and infection pressure.