Willow neocucurbitaria

Neocucurbitaria salicis-albae is a fungal pathogen that specifically targets willow species (Salix spp.), causing significant necrotic lesions on the bark and twigs. This fungus belongs to the Ascomycota phylum and is known to cause localized tissue damage that can impair the transport of nutrients and water within the host plant.

The primary hosts for this disease are various species of willow, most notably white willow (Salix alba). The fungus primarily colonizes younger branches, although it can also affect older stems if the tree's health is compromised by other environmental stressors, leading to systemic weakness of the host.

Symptoms of the infection typically appear as distinct bark lesions. These areas become discolored, sunken, or cracked as the underlying cambium is destroyed. Over time, small, dark fruiting bodies of the fungus develop within these lesions, serving as a primary source of inoculum for further disease spread.

Development and spread of the pathogen are highly favored by high humidity and moderate temperatures. Spores are primarily dispersed through rain splashes and wind currents. Mechanical injuries caused by frost, wind, or pruning provide common entry points for the fungus to colonize the tree's bark tissues effectively.

The impact of this disease can be severe, resulting in branch dieback and an overall decline in tree health and aesthetics. Management strategies are essential to mitigate the spread, focusing on cultural practices such as rigorous sanitation to remove infected tissue and the timely application of fungicides to prevent new infections.

• Regular pruning of infected twigs.
• Sanitizing pruning equipment to prevent cross-contamination.
• Monitoring trees for signs of bark necrosis during the growth season.
• Application of protective fungicides during wet weather.