Fig powdery mildew

The causative agent of this disease is the fungus Phylactinia caricae, an obligate parasite belonging to the Erysiphales order. This pathogen specifically targets the foliage of fig trees, leading to significant physiological stress and a decline in overall plant vigor.

The primary host for this fungus is the common fig (Ficus carica). While it primarily affects the leaves, in severe cases, the infection can spread to young shoots and fruit, significantly reducing the market value and quality of the harvest.

The disease manifests as a white, dusty fungal growth, typically appearing on the abaxial (underside) surface of the leaves. As the fungus progresses, the affected leaves turn yellow, exhibit necrosis, and eventually abscise prematurely, which directly limits the tree's capacity to synthesize carbohydrates.

Outbreaks are heavily influenced by environmental conditions, particularly high relative humidity and moderate temperatures. The fungus overwinters in the form of cleistothecia on fallen leaves, serving as the primary inoculum source for the subsequent growing season when conditions become favorable.

Control strategies should be integrated into a seasonal management program:

• removal and destruction of fallen leaves to eliminate overwintering sites
• maintaining proper canopy density through pruning to enhance air circulation and reduce humidity
• application of appropriate fungicides, such as wettable sulfur, when initial symptoms appear
• monitoring tree health to ensure early detection and prevent secondary spread