Tomentella punicea

Tomentella punicea is a basidiomycetous fungus belonging to the Thelephoraceae family. In an agricultural and forestry context, it is recognized as a pathogen capable of inducing corticioid decay in woody plants, primarily acting as a decay agent that undermines the structural integrity of trees and shrubs.

The causal agent develops as a resupinate, crust-like fruiting body on the host surface. Its mycelium penetrates the bark and vascular tissues, where it secretes enzymes that degrade complex organic polymers such as lignin and cellulose. This process compromises the physiological health of the host, leading to weakened growth and increased vulnerability to other stressors.

The pathogen primarily affects woody species, including timber trees and decorative shrubs, especially those experiencing physiological stress. While often found on dead organic matter, Tomentella punicea can become a serious secondary parasite on living specimens, particularly in nurseries and plantations where humidity is high.

Symptoms typically manifest as reddish-purple or rust-colored patches spreading across the bark. As the disease progresses, the bark may crack, become detached from the cambium, and exhibit signs of localized necrosis. In advanced cases, the fungal spread leads to branch dieback and, eventually, the death of the affected plant section.

Disease development is highly dependent on humidity levels and poor ventilation within the plant canopy. Effective control requires comprehensive sanitary practices, such as removing infected debris and thinning stands to improve airflow. Preventive measures include maintaining proper soil drainage and protecting the bark from physical injuries that serve as entry points for the fungal spores.