National

Late-ripening variety. Developed at the I. V. Michurin Institute of Horticulture by crossing 'Belfler-Chinese' with 'Papировка'. Breeders: S. I. Isaev, V. K. Zaets, Z. I. Ivanova, M. P. Maximova. Approved in the Central and Volga regions.

Medium-sized tree with a round, slightly spreading, sparse crown. Branch tips are raised. Bark on main branches is brown. Fruit type is mixed: on fruiting buds, ring-like, spear-shaped, and fruiting spurs.

Shoots are straight, thick, brownish-gray, densely hairy. Buds are few, yellowish, medium-sized. Leaves are medium-sized, light green, oval or elongated with pointed tips and rounded bases, hairy. Leaf blade is curved at the base, with serrated, wavy margins. Leaf surface is matte, wrinkled. Petiole is medium-length, thin, heavily hairy. Stipules are small, spear-shaped.

Fruits are medium-sized (mass 110-135 g), round, slightly conical, with weakly expressed ribs toward the apex. Some fruits show a narrow seam characteristic of 'Papировка'. Skin is greenish-yellow when picked, with numerous small gray lenticels across the surface. Absence of bloom. At full maturity, fruits attain a beautiful golden-yellow color. Peduncle is medium or short, thick. Calyx cup is medium depth and width, slightly rusted. Bases are small, narrow, weakly lobed. Calyx is medium-sized, closed or half-open. Core is bulbous. Seed chambers are closed or slightly half-open. Subcalyx tube is conical or funnel-shaped. Seeds are short, strongly convex, dark brown.

Flesh is yellowish, slightly greenish when picked, juicy, tender, slightly acidic-sweet, refreshing, pleasant taste, with aroma.

Fruits surpass 'Papировка' in taste and have a longer shelf life for fresh consumption. Fruits contain: dry matter — 13%, sugars — 11.4%, acids — 0.40%, ascorbic acid — 7.7 mg/100g.

Late-ripening (10 days later than 'Papировка').

Fruits are consumed fresh, but also suitable for technical processing. They yield high-quality compotes.

The variety has high self-fertility. Early-bearing, enters fruiting stage 4-5 years after planting in orchards. Young trees produce annual yields, while mature trees yield irregularly (about 25 kg per tree). Cold resistance is similar to 'Papировка'. Fruit resistance to scab is higher than 'Papировка'.

Advantages: small tree size, high early fruiting, enhanced resistance to scab, annual yield; superior fruit taste and longer shelf life compared to 'Papировка'; universal suitability for fresh consumption and technical processing.

Disadvantages: absence of bloom, later fruit ripening compared to 'Papировка'.