Poplar bud mite

The poplar bud mite (Aceria populi) is a microscopic pest classified within the family Eriophyidae and the order Trombidiformes. These mites are specialized feeders that cause the development of abnormal, tumor-like growths, known as galls, on the buds and shoots of poplar trees.

This pest exclusively targets various species within the Populus genus. It is particularly problematic in urban forestry, windbreaks, and commercial tree plantations where poplar trees are grown, as the infestation can significantly affect both the aesthetic value and the structural health of the trees.

The life cycle of Aceria populi is strictly synchronized with the bud burst of the host plant. Overwintering females emerge from the inner bud scales during the early spring. As they feed on the developing buds, they secrete substances that cause the host tissue to hypertrophy, creating a sheltered environment for the mite population to thrive throughout the growing season.

The damage caused by these mites is primarily characterized by the formation of grotesque, lumpy galls that replace healthy buds.

• Severe deformation of new growth
• Reduced twig elongation
• Premature leaf drop
• General tree stress and susceptibility to other pathogens

Managing the poplar bud mite requires a combination of cultural and chemical interventions. Pruning and destroying infected branches during the dormant season is a critical first step. For chemical control, systemic acaricides applied during the critical window of bud swelling and early leaf expansion are often necessary to break the life cycle and protect the tree from excessive damage.