Red-winged rove beetle

Systematic position. The red-winged rove beetle (Belonuchus rufipennis) belongs to the order Coleoptera, family Staphylinidae. While many members of this family are recognized as beneficial predators, B. rufipennis is known to occasionally act as a pest, causing damage to greenhouse crops when populations become dense.

Crops affected. This beetle is primarily problematic in protected agriculture. It has been observed causing damage to solanaceous plants, specifically tomatoes and peppers, as well as cucumbers. It thrives in high-humidity greenhouse environments where it finds suitable microhabitats within the soil or irrigation systems.

Biology and life cycle. The species undergoes complete metamorphosis: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The adults are identifiable by their elongated bodies and distinct reddish elytra. The beetles prefer moist environments rich in organic matter. In temperature-controlled greenhouses, they can maintain continuous breeding cycles, leading to significant population increases throughout the year.

Damage and economic significance. The beetles cause direct damage by feeding on young plant tissues, stems, and growth points. This results in stunted growth, weakened stalks, and potential wilting. Furthermore, their feeding activity creates entry points for various soil-borne pathogens, including bacteria and fungi, which can exacerbate the plant damage and lead to crop loss.

Control measures. Effective management starts with strict greenhouse sanitation. Removing plant debris and maintaining optimal moisture levels are crucial preventive steps.

• Sanitize soil and irrigation channels after each harvest.
• Monitor populations using sticky traps.
• Employ biological control agents such as entomopathogenic nematodes.
• Use selective insecticides only when thresholds are exceeded.