Calacarus mite

The genus Calacarus belongs to the family Eriophyidae (four-legged mites) within the order Trombidiformes. These are microscopic pests distinguished by their extremely small body size, elongated shape, and the presence of only two pairs of legs, which is the defining characteristic of this family. Due to their minute size, they often remain undetected until visible symptoms appear on the plants.

These mites parasitize a wide range of crops, including ornamental plants, berry bushes, and vegetables. One of the most prominent members, Calacarus carinatus, is known to cause significant damage to tea plantations, as well as various greenhouse and garden species, leading to deformations and reduced plant vigor.

The biology of the pest is closely linked to the condition of the host plant. Several generations develop throughout the season, with high humidity and moderately warm temperatures facilitating rapid reproduction. Typically, fertilized females overwinter in buds or under bark scales, emerging as the growing season begins.

The damage manifests as leaf discoloration, curling, spotting, or tissue corking. The mite feeds on the cell sap of the epidermis, which leads to stunted shoot growth and reduced crop quality. High population densities can cause premature defoliation of the plants, severely impacting their health and development.

Control measures primarily involve the application of specialized acaricides. Given their hidden lifestyle, applying systemic treatments is crucial for effectiveness. Recommended practices include:

• Regular phytosanitary monitoring of plantings.
• Removal and destruction of heavily infested plant parts.
• Strict adherence to quarantine measures when importing planting stock.
• Maintaining optimal soil moisture levels to support plant health.