Cylindroiulus

The genus Cylindroiulus belongs to the order Julida and the family Julidae. These millipedes are characterized by an elongated cylindrical body consisting of numerous segments, each bearing two pairs of legs. Adult specimens are highly moisture-dependent and maintain a secretive, nocturnal lifestyle, residing primarily in the organic-rich top layers of the soil.

These pests pose a significant threat to various agricultural crops, including potatoes, sugar beets, carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes, and the seeds of cereals and legumes. They can also damage strawberry seedlings and various ornamental plants by feeding on their subterranean stems and root systems.

The life cycle of Cylindroiulus is relatively prolonged and is closely linked to soil conditions. Females lay eggs within soil aggregates or decomposing plant material. Larvae undergo several molting stages, gradually increasing their body segments. Depending on regional climatic conditions, the development of a single generation can take several years.

Damage is characterized by deep, irregular cavities or pits bored into potato tubers, root vegetables, or the bases of stems. These feeding wounds facilitate the entry of secondary pathogens, such as soft rots, leading to crop decay. The economic impact is most severe in conditions of high soil moisture and when excessive organic matter is left in the field.

Control measures primarily focus on integrated approaches: cultural practices like clearing plant debris, proper crop rotation, and deep autumn plowing. Chemical control involves the application of soil insecticides during sowing or planting. Additionally, using bait traps (slices of vegetables) and liming acidic soils can reduce their populations, as these millipedes prefer moist, slightly acidic environments.