Hair follicle mite

The hair follicle mite (Demodex folliculorum) is an arachnid belonging to the order Trombidiformes and family Demodicidae. While primarily recognized as a commensal or parasite on mammalian skin, its presence in greenhouse environments on decorative foliage is an emerging concern for plant pathologists. These microscopic organisms can inhabit plant surfaces and junctions, complicating standard phytosanitary assessments.

This mite species is primarily associated with ornamental greenhouse crops and indoor plants, particularly those kept in high-humidity conditions. They are most frequently found in leaf axils, bark crevices, and damaged tissues. While they do not consume healthy plant tissue, their presence facilitates the colonization of pathogenic fungi and bacteria.

The life cycle of Demodex folliculorum is rapid, consisting of several stages: egg, larva, protonymph, nymph, and adult. They thrive in environments with temperatures ranging between 25°C and 30°C and high relative humidity. Their ability to survive on organic debris and glandular secretions allows them to maintain stable populations within enclosed plant growing structures.

Damage caused by this pest is largely indirect but significant. The mites cause micro-lesions in the plant epidermis, which disrupts physiological processes like transpiration and provides entry points for secondary infections. Visible symptoms include necrotic spots, leaf curling, and overall stunted growth of the affected ornamental plant.

Effective control strategies focus on maintaining strict hygiene protocols within greenhouse facilities. Regular cleaning of tools and monitoring of plant health using magnification are essential. When populations reach economic damage thresholds, the application of specific acaricides or biological control agents is recommended to suppress mite activity and protect the crop.

• Quarantine of new plant stock.
• Sanitation of greenhouse surfaces and tools.
• Regular microscopic inspection of leaves.
• Application of specialized acaricides.