Brown lacewing

Systematic position: The brown lacewing (Hemerobius stigmaterus) belongs to the order Neuroptera and the family Hemerobiidae. While often recognized as a beneficial predator in agricultural systems, its ecological role can shift depending on population density and the availability of prey items.

Host plants: This insect is primarily found in orchards, berry plantations, and ornamental gardens. It is commonly associated with woody perennials, where it interacts with various aphid species and, under certain stress conditions, may impact the physiological development of the host plant.

Biology and lifecycle: The lifecycle of Hemerobius stigmaterus includes egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages. The larval stage is highly active. The insect thrives in temperate climates, where multiple generations can occur per season, closely tracking the seasonal dynamics of their primary food sources in the environment.

Nature of damage: Although largely predatory, in the absence of suitable prey, the larvae may exhibit phytophagous behavior. This results in the consumption of plant sap from young terminal buds and developing leaves, causing chlorosis, leaf curling, and stunted growth in affected plant parts.

Protection measures: Management involves an IPM approach focusing on habitat enhancement.

• Preserving hedgerows to support natural enemy populations.
• Monitoring population spikes using light traps.
• Avoiding broad-spectrum chemical pesticides that disrupt the predator-prey balance.
• Implementing biological controls when necessary to maintain plant health.