Twenty-two-spot ladybird

Systematic position of this species places it in the order Coleoptera and the family Coccinellidae. Unlike many other ladybird species known for predating on aphids, this particular beetle is a mycophagous insect, specializing in consuming fungal spores, specifically those responsible for powdery mildew.

Biology and life cycle are closely linked to environmental conditions that favor fungal growth. The beetle undergoes a complete metamorphosis, including egg, larval, pupal, and adult stages. Females typically deposit their eggs on the undersides of leaves colonized by fungi, ensuring an immediate food supply for the emerging larvae.

Nature of damage and harmfulness arise from the beetle’s feeding behavior. While consuming the fungus, the insects scrape the surface of the plant leaves, causing physical damage. This feeding activity results in chlorotic spots, holes, and necrotic areas on the leaf surface, which can interfere with photosynthesis and weaken the plant's overall health if infestation levels are high.

Crops damaged by this pest primarily include various ornamental plants, vegetable crops, and fruit bushes that are prone to powdery mildew infections. Common hosts include cucumbers, squash, roses, and various herbaceous plants. In greenhouse environments, the rapid reproduction of the beetle can lead to noticeable cosmetic and physiological damage.

Control measures should focus on managing the underlying fungal diseases, as the presence of the beetle is often an indicator of high mildew pressure. Reducing humidity and improving air circulation are effective cultural practices. If the population density exceeds manageable levels and causes significant leaf damage, targeted applications of insecticides or bio-fungicides can be implemented to maintain plant vitality.