Aschersonia aleyrodis

Aschersonia aleyrodis is an entomopathogenic fungus widely recognized in integrated pest management as a potent biological insecticide. As a natural regulator of insect populations, it targets specific homopteran pests, providing an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic chemical insecticides in professional horticulture.

The mechanism of action involves the attachment of fungal spores to the host's cuticle. Upon germination, the fungus secretes specialized enzymes such as proteases and chitinases that dissolve the insect's exoskeleton. Once inside, the fungus colonizes the body cavity, leading to the death of the host. Subsequently, the fungus sporulates on the exterior, effectively initiating a secondary infection cycle among the pest population.

It is primarily utilized in greenhouse environments and subtropical plantations. The fungus is highly effective against major economic pests, including the greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum), citrus whitefly, and various species of scale insects. Its application helps protect crops like tomatoes, cucumbers, and ornamental plants from sap-sucking damage.

Successful field application is highly dependent on environmental conditions. As a biological agent, it thrives in high humidity (typically 75–90%) and mild temperatures between 20°C and 28°C. These conditions are essential for the rapid germination of conidia and the subsequent spread of the mycelium throughout the pest colony.

Regarding safety, Aschersonia aleyrodis is considered non-toxic to humans, mammals, and beneficial pollinators. However, operators should follow standard safety protocols when applying microbial products to avoid dust inhalation. It is critical to avoid scheduling this biological application close to the use of chemical fungicides, which may inadvertently kill the beneficial fungal spores.