Apple-shaped

Autumn variety developed at the Far Eastern Research Institute of Agriculture by A. V. Bolonyev through pollination in 1938 with winter Decanka pollen from Ussuri pear. Passed State Testing in Primorsky and Khabarovsk regions. Approved for cultivation in Khabarovsk region. Fully winter-hardy in the southern coastal zone. Northward, in other areas of Primorsky and southern districts of Khabarovsk, grown in trunk form. Winter-hardy on elevated sites; on low-lying areas and islands, grown on winter-hardy Ussuri pear scaffold or in espalier form.

Tree semi-trunked, vigorous, with an inversely pyramidal crown of moderate branch density at various orders and strong foliage. Scaffold branches with oblique-vertical orientation, gray with brownish tint. In fruiting period, crown assumes slightly spreading form.

Medium-length and thickness shoots, slightly angled in cross-section, with short internodes, covered with sparse lenticels. Fruit buds large, conical, dark brown. Leaves small, egg-shaped with doubly serrated margins, dark green above, pale green below, without noticeable pubescence.

Fruits small; on young trees average mass 67 g, in mass fruiting period with high yield decreases to 30 g, maximum mass 52 g. Fruit shape round, slightly flattened, resembling an apple.

Fruits yellow-green, sometimes with dull blush. Stem narrow and small, slightly rust-colored. Fruit surface smooth and even. Calyx wide, shallow, slightly ribbed, partially open, calyx lobes fleshy, rarely sessile.

Flesh fine-grained, juicy, slightly acidic-sweet, with southern pear aroma, pleasant in taste. At consumer maturity, oily, does not darken like Lukashovka. Dry matter content — 16.0%, total sugars — 8.7%, titratable acids (as malic) — 1.2%, tannins — 0.6%, pectin — 0.4%, ascorbic acid — 11.5 mg/100g, vitamin P — 109 to 210 mg/100g.

Fruits mature from September 20-25; consumer maturity arrives 10-15 days later and lasts until late November. In cold storage with refrigeration units, storage life increases by 30 days. Fruit attachment good, and nearly entire yield remains on trees after monsoon rains. Fruit quality reached 90%. Main use — fresh consumption and compote preparation.

Early fruiting variety, begins fruiting on 4th-5th year of grafting without periodicity. At the institute, 9-year-old trees yielded an average of 27.4 kg per tree (137 centners/ha). On the Khabarovsk variety trial from 1962 to 1969, trees aged 5 to 12 years yielded (centners/ha): 7.8; 14; 15; 17.5; 46; 112; 69.5. In Primorsky region, on the Nahimovskoy variety trial from 1964 to 1973, yields per year (centners/ha): 23; 19; 37; 118; 60; 153; 61; 293; 161; 55. Yields significantly higher in collective and private gardens.

Fruit production good in mixed plantings with other new institute varieties and 'Lukashovka'.

Advantages of the variety: relative winter hardiness in most of Primorsky and southern Khabarovsk regions, late fruiting with good flavor qualities suitable for late autumn and early winter consumption, good fruit attachment, resistance to scab, high annual yield.

Disadvantages of the variety: small fruits, not competitive with Chinese varieties, significantly inferior in storage life, though superior in flavor, consistency, and aroma.