Shuranovka No. 3

Autumn variety developed by P. G. Shuranov in Khabarovsk from hybrid seeds sent to him by I. V. Michurin in 1911. Rootstock hybrids proved insufficiently winter-hardy, and some were grafted onto the crown of wild Ussuri pear. From the grafted branches that began fruiting, five varieties were selected, collectively named "Shuranovkas" and propagated in suburban gardens of Khabarovsk. Among them, Shuranovka No. 3 proved the most winter-hardy. In terms of winter hardiness and yield, it is close to "Lukashovkas", but surpasses them in flavor and fruit storability; after long-term trials, it became part of the standard variety list for the Far East. Cultivated in gardens of Primorsky and Khabarovsk regions. Higher quality fruits, but less winter-hardy, the varieties Shuranovka No. 5 and Shuranovka No. 2 are grown in trunk form only in the warmest southern coastal zone of Primorsky Krai and in collective gardens as espaliers or grafted onto Ussuri pear in Khabarovsk, Jewish Autonomous, Amur, and Sakhalin regions.

Tree is vigorous, with a broad-pyramidal crown; main branches are thick and branch at right angles. Branching is initially sparse, becoming moderate with age. Bark of branches is smooth, dark greenish, flaking on mature trees.

Shoots are medium-length and thickness, greenish-brown with numerous lenticels. Buds are round, slightly bent, dark brown. Leaves are broadly egg-shaped or oval with a tapering tip, slightly folded, finely toothed, almost entire margin. Upper surface is dark green, lower surface light green, without hairs. Petiole is medium thickness and length, without hairs.

Fruits for Khabarovsk region are medium-sized (average weight 75 g, maximum 90 g), round or egg-shaped, one-sided, surface smooth. Main fruit color is solid yellow with slight greenish tinge, overripe skin is a light burgundy blush covering only a small portion of the fruit. Surface covered with numerous small, light brown subcutaneous dots. Calyx is nearly absent. Fruit stem is medium length and thickness. Calyx is nearly flat, very small, persistent.

Flesh is white, tender, juicy, slightly tart-sweet with a distinctive strong aroma.

Fruits contain dry matter — 16.2%, total sugars — 8.4%, titratable acids — 1.2%, tannins — 0.7%, pectin — 0.4%, vitamin C — 9 mg/100g and P — 195-200 mg/100g.

Fruits ripen at the end of September, suitable for consumption after 5 days of storage. Can be stored fresh for up to 40 days. Fruit attachment is strong, fruits drop minimally during heavy rains or wind.

Trees begin fruiting on the 3rd-4th year of grafting. Fruit-bearing is annual but abundant — every other year. In the Lukashov Fruit and Berry Nursery, over 12 years of recordkeeping, 12 harvests were obtained, totaling 375 kg of fruit per tree, with a maximum of 57 kg from a 16-year-old tree. Average market yield is 100-150 centners per hectare. Fruit-bearing period lasts up to 40-50 years. Variety is resistant to scab.

Advantages of the variety: superior flavor, storability, and shelf-life compared to "Lukashovkas"; good fruit attachment on the tree.

Disadvantages of the variety: limited winter hardiness in northern collective garden areas.

Used in breeding as a parent variety.