Yaroslava

Yaroslava is an autumn-sown triticale variety developed by the Institute of Plant Physiology named after V.Ya. Yur'ev of NAAN and Volyn State Agricultural Experimental Station, registered in 2019. This variety belongs to the mid-maturing group and is of universal use, suitable for cultivation in Steppe, Forest-Steppe, and Polissia regions. Plants reach a height of 110–140 cm and are characterized by high resistance to lodging, winter hardiness (7.5–8 points), high drought tolerance (9 points), and disease resistance (8.5–9 points). The grain is oval-shaped, well-filled, with a 1000-grain weight of 40–43 g, and possesses high baking and milling qualities. The Yaroslava variety is distinguished by high yield: autumn-sown grain yields more than 10 t/ha, while spring-sown yields approximately 6 t/ha. Green mass yield varies from 40 to 65 t/ha, and in abnormally wet years may reach up to 95 t/ha. Due to its resilience, the variety tolerates adverse conditions, including poor predecessors and late sowing. The seeding rate is 4.5 million seeds/ha for grain and 3 million seeds/ha for green feed. High protein content (12.8–14.5%) and crude gluten (24–28%) ensures high flour quality, characterized by strength of 180 standard units and bread volume up to 600 ml without improvers. Triticale, a hybrid of rye and wheat, combines the best qualities of both crops. Triticale grain is rich in essential amino acids such as valine, lysine, threonine, and arginine, as well as significant amounts of macro- and microelements and vitamins. This crop is widely used as feed for livestock, ensuring weight gain in pigs and cattle. Additionally, triticale is used in the food industry for producing flour with a pleasant nutty aroma and sweet taste, as well as for producing starch, malt, and bioethanol. The Yaroslava variety combines high productivity, resilience to adverse conditions, and excellent food and feed qualities.