Bermudagrass mite

Systematic position: The Bermudagrass mite (Aceria neocynodonis) belongs to the order Trombidiformes and the family Eriophyidae. These microscopic pests are specialized gall-forming mites that are widely recognized as one of the most destructive pests affecting turfgrass landscapes in warm-season regions.

Host plants: This pest is host-specific and feeds exclusively on plants within the genus Cynodon. Common Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) is the primary target, making lawns, golf courses, and sports fields particularly susceptible to infestations, especially in areas with warm, dry climates.

Biology and life cycle: The life cycle of the Bermudagrass mite is remarkably short, often completing a full generation in less than 10 to 14 days under optimal temperature conditions. The mites reside within the leaf sheaths of the grass, protected from environmental stressors and many contact insecticides, which makes management and timely intervention critical.

Damage and severity: Feeding by the mites disrupts the hormonal balance of the grass, leading to stunted growth and characteristic symptom known as "witches' broom." The internodes become shortened, and the foliage appears yellow, bunched, and brittle. Left untreated, the infested grass loses its vigor, turns brown, and eventually dies, resulting in significant thinning of the turf canopy.

Control measures: A successful integrated pest management (IPM) program for Aceria neocynodonis includes:

• Maintaining a healthy turf through proper fertilization and irrigation to help plants withstand infestation.
• Cleaning mowing equipment thoroughly to prevent mechanical transmission of mites between areas.
• Applying systemic or contact acaricides during the active growing season.
• Selecting and planting resistant or less susceptible cultivars of Bermudagrass where possible.