Tree whitefly

Systematic position: Aleurodicus pulvinatus is a member of the order Hemiptera and the family Aleyrodidae. Known as a whitefly, this species is recognized as a significant pest in tropical and subtropical regions, posing a persistent threat to various botanical species and agricultural production.

Host range: This pest exhibits polyphagous behavior, meaning it feeds on a wide variety of plant hosts. Primary hosts include fruit trees such as citrus, avocado, and mango, as well as coffee and cocoa plants. Additionally, it frequently infests ornamental plants grown in both greenhouse environments and open landscapes.

Biology and life cycle: The lifecycle of Aleurodicus pulvinatus comprises the egg, larva (three instars), pupa (puparium), and adult stages. Females lay their eggs on the underside of leaves. While first-instar larvae are mobile, subsequent nymphal stages are sessile, remaining attached to the plant tissue to suck sap for their development.

Damage and pest status: Feeding by nymphs and adults causes severe stress to the host plant, manifesting as leaf chlorosis, curling, and premature senescence. The massive secretion of honeydew promotes the growth of sooty mold, which coats the foliage, interferes with photosynthesis, and significantly degrades the marketable quality of fruits and leaves.

Control measures: Management relies on integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. These include the conservation and release of natural enemies such as parasitic wasps, the use of yellow sticky traps for monitoring population density, and targeted chemical applications using systemic insecticides when necessary. Strict quarantine and hygiene protocols are essential to prevent further spread.