Eared dove

The Eared dove (Zenaida auriculata) is a member of the Columbidae family. While often viewed as a common bird species, in many regions of South America, it is classified as a significant agricultural pest due to its tendency to congregate in large flocks and consume substantial quantities of cultivated seeds and grains.

These birds primarily feed on seeds, causing considerable damage to crops such as sorghum, maize, wheat, millet, and sunflower. The impact is most severe during the sowing phase, when they consume seeds from the soil, and during the ripening stage, when they strip grains directly from the heads or stalks, significantly reducing yields.

The biology of the species is characterized by high reproductive rates and rapid population growth. Eared doves are opportunistic breeders, capable of nesting multiple times throughout the year. Their gregarious behavior means that thousands of individuals can descend upon a single field, turning a localized problem into a large-scale agricultural emergency.

The damage caused by these doves is twofold: direct consumption of the harvest and physical destruction of young crops. The constant landing and trampling by large flocks can cause significant mechanical stress to young plants. Furthermore, the volume of consumption by massive flocks can lead to the loss of entire harvest sections if control measures are not implemented.

• Use acoustic scaring devices and bio-acoustics.
• Deploy visual deterrents like hawk kites and reflective materials.
• Adjust planting times to avoid peak feeding seasons.
• Maintain buffer zones and ensure rapid harvesting techniques.
• Monitor flock density to apply interventions timely.

Effective management requires an integrated approach. While deterrents are useful for short-term protection, long-term success relies on habitat modification and strategic planning of planting cycles. Professional management remains essential for maintaining the productivity of large-scale agricultural operations in areas highly populated by this species.