Humification
The biochemical process of decomposing organic matter into stable humus compounds that improve soil fertility and structure.
Также говорят: humus formation, soil organic matter stabilization
Humification is the essential biological transformation where organic residues are converted into complex humic substances. This process requires aerobic conditions, sufficient soil moisture, and a balanced chemical environment to support microbial life.
Farmers promote humification by incorporating green manures, compost, and crop residues into the topsoil. This practice enhances soil aggregation, increases nutrient retention, and optimizes the buffering capacity of the land against acidity.
Typical mistakes include excessive tillage, which promotes the rapid oxidation of organic matter instead of its stabilization, and neglecting the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, which can stall the humification rate.