Green leaf weevil

The green leaf weevil (Phyllobius maculicornis) is a member of the Curculionidae family, order Coleoptera. This small beetle is easily recognized by the metallic green or golden scales covering its body. It is a common insect in temperate climates, frequently found in orchards and deciduous forests across Europe.

This pest targets a wide variety of woody plants. Fruit trees such as apples, pears, plums, and cherries are among its preferred hosts. Additionally, it feeds on ornamental trees and wild shrubs, causing concern for both commercial fruit growers and those managing private gardens or forest nurseries.

The biology of the species involves a lifecycle split between the soil and the plant canopy. The larvae live and overwinter in the soil, feeding on the roots of wild herbaceous plants. In the spring, they pupate, and the adult beetles emerge to climb into the trees. This timing coincides with the period when buds begin to swell and leaves start to unfurl.

The damage caused by adults is primarily concentrated on the foliage. They typically chew the edges of leaves, leaving a characteristic serrated pattern. In cases of severe infestation, the beetles can cause significant defoliation, which stresses the tree, reduces photosynthetic activity, and negatively impacts the overall yield quality and quantity.

Effective management requires a combination of monitoring and intervention. Cultural practices, such as maintaining soil health and removing weeds around tree bases, can limit larval survival. During the adult emergence phase, chemical control using targeted insecticides is often necessary to prevent extensive damage. Regular scouting of orchards during the early spring is essential for timely decision-making.