Peach tree borer

The peach tree borer (Sanninoidea exitiosa) is a destructive pest belonging to the Sesiidae family in the order Lepidoptera. This insect is primarily known for attacking stone fruit trees, causing severe structural damage that can lead to the death of entire orchards if not managed properly.

The primary host plants include various species of the genus Prunus, such as peach, nectarine, apricot, cherry, and plum trees. The larvae are borers that tunnel into the inner bark and cambium of the tree, typically concentrating their activity at or just below the soil line.

The biology of the peach tree borer consists of one generation per year. Adult moths are clear-winged and mimic wasps in appearance, which helps them avoid some predators. Females lay eggs on the bark of the lower trunk, and once the larvae emerge, they immediately burrow into the tree to begin their development.

Symptoms of infestation include large masses of gum mixed with frass (larval excrement) exuding from the base of the trunk. This tunneling action disrupts the flow of nutrients and water within the tree, leading to yellowing leaves, stunted growth, limb dieback, and eventually the total collapse of the host tree.

Effective management requires a combination of monitoring and chemical control. Growers should use pheromone traps to time the application of insecticides targeting the trunk during the peak flight season. Maintaining overall tree health through proper fertilization and watering also enhances the tree's resistance to boring insects.

• Regular inspections of the base of the tree for frass and gum.
• Application of contact insecticides to the lower trunk and base.
• Use of mating disruption techniques for commercial orchards.