Humus mineralization
Humus mineralization is the process by which soil microorganisms decompose organic matter into simple mineral compounds that are readily available for plant uptake.
Также говорят: organic matter decomposition, humus degradation, biological oxidation
This biological process serves as a critical pathway for releasing essential plant nutrients into the soil solution. Agronomists monitor this process to adjust fertilization schedules and match nutrient availability with the peak demand of the crops.
The rate of mineralization is heavily influenced by soil aeration, temperature, and moisture levels. A common mistake is excessive tillage, which provides too much oxygen and leads to an accelerated breakdown of organic matter, eventually depleting soil fertility.
Effective management requires balancing mineralization with the regular addition of organic amendments or cover crops to sustain long-term soil health. Failing to replenish organic matter causes soil compaction and reduces the soil's water-holding capacity over time.