Eurotium herbariorum

Eurotium herbariorum is an ascomycete fungus and the teleomorph stage of the well-known Aspergillus herbariorum. In agriculture, it is recognized as a significant storage pathogen that contributes to the molding of seeds, feedstuffs, and various harvested crops, leading to substantial economic losses and degradation of product quality.

The fungus affects a wide range of crops, including cereals, legumes, dried fruits, and hay. It primarily targets stored seeds, where it infiltrates the seed coat, consumes nutrients, and produces metabolic byproducts that can be toxic to livestock and humans, while simultaneously significantly reducing germination rates.

Symptoms of infection are manifested by the appearance of a characteristic powdery layer on the surface of the infected substrate, often turning yellow, green, or brown. The growth of Eurotium herbariorum causes discoloration and structural weakening of the seeds, which can eventually lead to the complete rotting of the infected mass.

Development is driven by the fungus's xerophilic nature, allowing it to thrive in environments with low water activity. While it prefers warm, humid conditions, its ability to survive in relatively dry environments makes it a persistent challenge in warehouse management, where it spreads rapidly via airborne spores if ventilation is inadequate.

Control strategies focus heavily on rigorous post-harvest hygiene and environmental control. Key preventive measures include drying grains to safe moisture levels, monitoring storage temperature, and maintaining proper airflow. Chemical control through approved fungicides and thorough sanitation of storage facilities are essential to minimize the risk of infection outbreaks.