Uralochka

Late-autumn variety developed at the Southern Ural Research Institute of Fruit and Vegetable and Potato Growing from crossing the selected form of Ussuri pear 41-15-9 with Severyanka. Breeders: E. A. Falkenberg, M. A. Mazunin, and L. I. Bolotova. Approved for the Ural and West Siberian regions, widely grown in commercial and amateur orchards.

Medium-sized tree, up to 5 m tall. Branches deviate from the trunk at an angle close to straight, straight, sparsely arranged, ends pointing upward. Bark on the trunk and main branches is smooth and gray. Fruit clusters — simple and complex rings, fruit bags.

Medium-length shoots, slightly curved, round, brown, bare, medium-sized stipules, few in number. Leaves medium-sized, broad, elliptical, short-tipped, green, smooth, shiny. Leaf margin finely toothed, wavy. Petiole medium, thin. Flowers medium, pinkish.

Fruits small, weighing 44 g, one-dimensional, short pear-shaped, smooth, well-formed. Skin medium, rough, dry, dull. Fruit color greenish-yellow at harvest readiness and golden-yellow at maturity, no bloom coloration. Numerous small gray lenticels, clearly visible. Peduncle medium, thin, slightly curved, upright. Calyx small, acute-conical, not rusted. Calyx persistent, half-open. Heart-shaped core, seed chambers closed. Subcalyx tube medium in length and thickness. Seeds medium-sized, brown, round.

Flesh creamy, medium density, finely textured, juicy, slightly acidic-sweet, with moderate aroma, taste rating 4.2 points. Flesh contains: 14.8% dry matter, 12.0% sugars, 0.8% organic acids.

Fruit ripening period is late autumn (September 15-25). After reaching harvest readiness, fruits remain on the tree for 7-10 days, then drop en masse. Can be stored for up to 30 days.

Pollinators include sorts Povislaia, Vekovaya. Prone to forming parthenocarpic fruits.

Fruit-bearing begins in the 4th year, yield increases rapidly, high — up to 39 kg per tree at age 7.

The variety is distinguished by exceptional winter hardiness of wood and flower buds. During winter 1978-1979, when temperatures dropped to -48.3°C, damage was rated at 2.5 points, trees bore fruit and yielded 20 kg/tree on 10-year-old trees.

Drought resistance is moderate, no signs of scab were observed, damage from pear gall mite is minimal (0.2 points). High resistance of flowers to spring frosts was noted.

Propagated by budding and grafting onto seedlings of Ussuri pear. Young trees require formative pruning, later sanitary, and older trees require rejuvenating pruning. In the garden, plant according to the scheme 6x3-4 m.

Advantages of the variety: identified donor of high winter hardiness, good fruit taste, resistance to scab.