Strawberry chlorosis

Strawberry chlorosis is a plant condition characterized by the yellowing of leaves due to a deficiency in chlorophyll production. This state can be triggered by both abiotic factors, such as mineral nutrient imbalances, and biotic factors, including viral pathogens like the strawberry yellow edge virus, which significantly hampers the metabolic activity of the plant.

Biologically, the pathogen causing infectious chlorosis belongs to various virus groups that reside within the host's vascular tissues. In the case of physiological chlorosis, the issue stems from an imbalance in the plant’s ability to assimilate micronutrients. Iron, magnesium, and manganese are crucial, and their unavailability—often due to high soil pH or poor drainage—leads to a failure in chlorophyll synthesis.

The visible symptoms include chlorotic leaves where the interveinal tissue turns pale yellow or white while the veins remain green. As the disease progresses, the plants exhibit stunted growth, reduced berry size, and poor root system development. This loss of photosynthetic capacity drastically reduces fruit yields and overall plant vigor, making it a serious concern for commercial growers.

The development cycle of infectious chlorosis relies on vectors such as aphids or nematodes, which transmit the virus between plants. The virus then spreads systemically throughout the runners and crown. Conversely, physiological chlorosis development is highly dependent on environmental triggers: waterlogged soil prevents root respiration, which in turn inhibits the active uptake of essential nutrients, leading to rapid onset of yellowing.

Management strategies focus on prevention and corrective action. It is essential to start with pathogen-free certified runners. If the chlorosis is nutrient-based, soil testing is required to adjust the pH and supply the necessary minerals in chelated forms for better absorption. Controlling insect vectors and improving soil aeration through proper drainage are critical steps to prevent the spread and recurrence of the disease.

• Planting certified virus-free runners
• Regular soil testing and pH management
• Applying chelated iron and magnesium sprays
• Integrated pest management against aphids
• Proper irrigation and soil drainage practices