Neotermes aburiensis

Neotermes aburiensis is a species of drywood termite belonging to the family Kalotermitidae within the order Blattodea. Unlike subterranean termites, this pest lives entirely within the wood it consumes, without needing a direct connection to the soil. This unique lifestyle makes it a silent but devastating threat to various plant species in its distribution range.

This termite primarily affects woody plants, including economically important tropical crops like cocoa, coffee, and citrus trees. They are also known to colonize various shade and ornamental trees. The pest is particularly attracted to trees that have existing wounds, pruning scars, or areas of decay, though it can also infest healthy-looking specimens.

The biology of Neotermes aburiensis is defined by its colony structure, which remains localized within the host tree. A colony starts when alates (winged reproductive termites) enter a crack in the wood. Inside, they establish a network of galleries and chambers. The colony undergoes slow development, with distinct castes responsible for feeding, colony defense, and the reproduction of the queen and king.

The damage caused by Neotermes aburiensis is often severe because it occurs beneath the bark. As the termites consume the wood, they create intricate tunnel systems that weaken the tree's internal structure. This leads to reduced nutrient transport, lower yields, and a significant risk of structural failure, causing the tree to collapse or die under its own weight during heavy storms.

• Conduct regular inspections of tree trunks for exit holes and frass deposits.
• Immediately prune and destroy heavily infested branches to stop the colony spread.
• Seal pruning wounds and physical injuries on bark to prevent initial entry.
• Apply contact or systemic insecticides in areas of active infestation.
• Promote overall tree health and vigor to improve natural defense mechanisms against borers.