Neotermes connexus

Neotermes connexus is a species of drywood termite belonging to the Kalotermitidae family. Unlike subterranean termites, this species does not require contact with the soil, as it establishes its colony entirely within sound or decaying wood, drawing moisture directly from the plant tissue.

This pest affects a diverse range of woody plants, including orchard trees and various ornamental species. By excavating tunnels throughout the heartwood and sapwood, the termites compromise the structural integrity of the plant, often leading to canopy thinning, branch breakage, and tree death.

The biology of Neotermes connexus revolves around a colony structure consisting of nymphs (which act as workers), soldiers, and reproductive alates. Their life cycle is slow compared to other termite species, allowing colonies to persist for years within a single host plant without being easily detected.

Damage caused by these termites is characterized by large, interconnected galleries that follow the grain of the wood. The presence of fecal pellets (frass), which are pushed out of small holes in the bark, is often the most reliable diagnostic sign of an active infestation in the host plant.

Effective management requires an integrated approach. Cultural practices include pruning and disposing of infested branches immediately. In industrial or ornamental settings, localized chemical injections or systemic treatments are used to reach the hidden galleries. Strict quarantine procedures are essential to prevent the spread of this pest to non-infested areas.