Словарь агронома

Погода и климат

Active growing period

The phase during which air temperatures consistently remain above the threshold required for the rapid growth and physiological development of crops.

Защита растений

Active ingredient

This is the primary chemical or biological component of a pesticide or fertilizer that directly affects the targeted pest, disease, or plant growth.

Почва и обработка

Active soil reaction

Active soil reaction is the measure of the acidity or alkalinity of the soil solution, determined by the concentration of hydrogen ions.

Погода и климат

Active temperatures

The sum of daily average air temperatures above the biological minimum required for the growth and development of a specific crop.

Хранение и экономика

Active ventilation

The forced circulation of air through a bulk of agricultural crops to control temperature and moisture levels for safe storage.

Рост и развитие

Adaptive potential

The inherent ability of a crop variety to maintain productivity and growth despite fluctuating environmental conditions and biotic or abiotic stresses.

Защита растений

Adjuvant

A substance added to a pesticide spray mixture to improve the performance, physical properties, or biological activity of the active ingredient.

Защита растений

Adjuvant

A substance added to a pesticide or fertilizer formulation to improve its performance, adhesion to plant surfaces, and absorption efficiency.

Почва и обработка

Aeration porosity

The fraction of soil volume that is filled with air instead of water, facilitating oxygen diffusion to plant roots and soil organisms.

Почва и обработка

Aggregate composition

Aggregate composition is the quantitative distribution of soil clumps (aggregates) of various sizes within the arable layer of the soil.

Цифровое земледелие

Agricultural machinery telemetry

This is a technology for remote monitoring and real-time data collection from agricultural machinery to track their performance, location, and technical conditi...

Техника и орошение

Agro-navigator

A GPS-based guidance system for agricultural machinery designed to ensure precise field operations with minimal overlap and skipped areas.

Питание и удобрения

Agrochemical soil analysis

A comprehensive laboratory examination of soil samples to determine the concentration of nutrients, pH levels, and other vital fertility indicators.

Погода и климат

Agroclimatic resource

This refers to the set of natural conditions of an area, such as heat, light, and moisture, that determine the potential and efficiency of cultivating agricultu...

Погода и климат

Agroclimatic zoning

This is the classification of regions into zones with similar climatic conditions to optimize the selection and management of agricultural crops.

Погода и климат

Agrometeorological forecast

This is a scientific prediction of weather conditions that directly impact crop growth, soil moisture levels, and the timing of essential farming operations.

Погода и климат

Agrometeorological monitoring

A system of regular observations of weather conditions and their impact on crops to facilitate informed agricultural decision-making.

Почва и обработка

Agrophysical properties of soil

These are the physical characteristics of soil that determine its capacity to store water, provide aeration, and support root development for optimal plant grow...

Цифровое земледелие

Agroscouting

Agroscouting is the systematic inspection of crops to promptly identify pests, diseases, weeds, and assess the growth status of cultivated plants.

Защита растений

Agrotechnical control method

It is a set of agricultural practices designed to create an environment that suppresses the development of pests, diseases, and weeds.

Техника и орошение

Air-induction nozzle

A spray nozzle type that utilizes the Venturi effect to draw air into the nozzle, creating larger, air-filled droplets that are highly resistant to wind drift.

Питание и удобрения

Ammonification

The biological process by which microorganisms decompose organic nitrogen compounds into ammonia, making nitrogen available for plant uptake.

Питание и удобрения

Ammonium nitrate

Ammonium nitrate is a highly effective nitrogen mineral fertilizer in granular form containing nitrogen in both ammonium and nitrate forms.

Рост и развитие

Apical dominance

It is a biological phenomenon where the main central stem of a plant grows more strongly than other side stems due to the inhibitory effect of auxins.

Защита растений

Application rate

The specific amount of a pesticide or fertilizer applied per unit area or volume to achieve the desired agricultural effect.

Техника и орошение

Application rate per hectare

The volume of spray solution applied to one hectare of land during crop protection or fertilization operations.

Селекция и семеноводство

Approbation bush

A representative plant or group of plants selected in a field to perform an expert assessment of the varietal and seed quality of a crop.

Селекция и семеноводство

Approbation percentage

A metric indicating the degree of varietal purity of a crop field, determined during official field inspection to ensure adherence to seed quality standards.

Погода и климат

Atmospheric drought

A period characterized by high temperatures and low air humidity, leading to excessive transpiration in plants and potential wilting despite available soil mois...

Цифровое земледелие

Automatic headland turning system

A precision farming technology that enables agricultural machinery to automatically execute turns at the field's edge based on predefined patterns.

Цифровое земледелие

Autosteer

A guidance system that automatically steers agricultural machinery to follow a precise path, significantly reducing overlap and operator fatigue.

Питание и удобрения

Available forms of nutrients

These are the portions of soil nutrients that are readily soluble in the soil solution and can be easily absorbed by plant roots during the growing season.

Погода и климат

Available water

The portion of soil moisture that can be readily absorbed by plant roots, held between field capacity and the permanent wilting point.

Погода и климат

Available water capacity

This is the amount of water in the soil that can be absorbed by plant roots, calculated as the difference between the soil moisture at field capacity and the pe...